Impacto de la altitud geográfica en el estado nutricional y antropométrico de gestantes en el Perúevidencias para una política materna contextualizada

  1. Luis Baquerizo-Sedano 1
  2. José A. Chaquila 2
  3. Carlos Torres-Salinas 2
  4. Pedro González-Muniesa 3
  1. 1 Universidad Privada del Norte
    info
    Universidad Privada del Norte

    Trujillo, Perú

    ROR https://ror.org/05t6q2334

    Geographic location of the organization Universidad Privada del Norte
  2. 2 Sociedad Peruana de Nutrición
  3. 3 Universidad de Navarra
    info
    Universidad de Navarra

    Pamplona, España

    ROR https://ror.org/02rxc7m23

    Geographic location of the organization Universidad de Navarra
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Journal:
Nutrición clínica y dietética hospitalaria

ISSN: 0211-6057

Year of publication: 2025

Volume: 45

Issue: 3

Pages: 255-262

Type: Article

DOI: 10.12873/453BAQUERIZO DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR lock_openOpen access editor

More publications in: Nutrición clínica y dietética hospitalaria

Abstract

Introduction: Pre-gestational body mass index (PGBMI)and gestational weight gain (GWG) are key variables in ade-quate intrauterine growth and development. The impact of al-titude, particularly hypobaric hypoxia, on bodily functioning iswell known, but questions remain about its impact duringpregnancy.Objective: To compare the IMCPG and the GPG for eachmonth across different levels of geographical altitude accord-ing to place of residence.Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study analyzedthe data from the Nutritional Status Information System forchildren and pregnant women in Peru, 2024, with a final sam-ple of 243 587 pregnant women. Four altitude classifications(masl) were made: <1500; 1500–2499; 2500–3499; ≥ 3500.The statistical analysis included absolute and relative fre-quencies and measures of central tendency. To establish dif-ferences between the groups, an analysis of variance wasperformed with multiple post hoc comparisons and a Bon -ferroni adjustment. Results: 55.8% had a high IMCPG (>24.9 kg/m2), thepercentage of pregnant women with normal weight in-creased, and the percentage of pregnant women with obe-sity decreased as altitude increased. There is a correlationbetween weight gain and gestational age and an inverse re-lationship between IMCPG and GPG. By the ninth month, inthe overweight and obese categories, the lower altituderange had significantly lower weight gain compared to theother altitudes. Conclusion: Nutritional anthropometric assessment showeda higher IMCPG and a higher prevalence of pre-pregnancyoverweight and obesity in the low-altitude population com-pared to the high-altitude population. No clear evidence wasfound regarding different GPG between altitude levels consid-ering the IMCPG category. A contextualized maternal publichealth policy throughout the process is essential.

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Data source: Dialnet