Protocolo diagnóstico de la osteoporosis

Abstract

Osteoporosis is a disease of complex and multifactorial pathogenesis, and in many cases bone loss and the fracures increased is associated to ageing. Genetic factors can contribute to the adquisition of bone mass peak, as can disorders of development and the skeletal, like sexual steroids in menopause. Upon this other secondary causes as the use of corticoids and disesese that affect bone metabolism can be implicated. The majar importance in this disease is diminished bone strength and the increase tendency to fractures, that can increase morbilidity and mortality, increasing in health costs. In the last years, important advances in the concept, diagnosis and treatment, including a better nutrion and lifestyle has been introduced. Although many patients are not diagnosed or treatment, probably because before occurring a fracture the disease is usally asymptomatic. Due to the fact to that bone mass is a relevant determinant of bone strength, the measure of bone mass is considered an objective, with DXA technique recommended. In the year 2008 the WHO introduced the FRAX assessment based in the combination of Risk Factors with or without Hip DXA measurement. The technique allows to recognized the probability of fractures at hip, vertebral, humeral and forearm in 10 years, for the decision of antiresorptive reatment.