Validación de un cuestionario de competencias en medicina basada en la evidencia en médicos de familia

Zusammenfassung

Abstract This study focuses on analyzing the intervention of psychologists from the Justice Administration in Child Custody assessments, focusing on the methodology used, the areas explored, and the criteria in decision-making as well as the structure and content of the reports submitted. These official reports will be evaluated in their compliance to the existing evaluation standards in the Spanish legal system and the "Guidelines for Good Practice" To do so, we proceeded to the study of 502 reports issued by psychologists from the public sector. This allowed us to compare the work of these professionals in different professional groups from different regions of Spain, and with affiliations to the Family Court or the Domestic Violence Court. In the data collection process, information was gathered through the use of a template. This template included the research design within the category of retrospective comparative studies or ex post facto studies. Thereafter, the data was analyzed using the SPSS 22.0 statistic program, performing a descriptive analyzes and comparing the different groups of our sample. The conclusions found that, overall, the reports written by psychologists working at the public sector follow the existing standards and guidelines created for these types of evaluations in Spain. These reports showed their compliance to the procedures that appear on the "Guidelines." However, small differences were found between our groups of participants. This study shows that, in the initial phase of the Child Custody process, the majority of mothers requested sole custody to them. The proportion of fathers requesting sole custody was fifty percent while the other half requested shared custody. The Child Custody assessments focus on highlighting the positive elements of the parents in contrast to their limitations. These assessments usually find an appropriate level of adaptation in the children. Different guidelines take place in the Child Custody process depending on the type of custody. In shared custody or sole custody to the mother, this guidance is based on finding the positive aspects. When the custody is oriented toward the father, these guidelines focus on stating the limitations of the other parent. The evaluation of both parents in the sample of psychologists working at the Domestic Violence settings presented worse results, which were more evident in men participants. The results of the variables studied regarding both parents and children showed better outcomes in the shared custody option. This option showed the inclusion of more positive aspects of both parents in comparison with negative aspects. It also showed better communication between the two adults and a lower level of conflict. Furthermore, the children showed a better level of adjustment, being less involved in their parents' conflict. Our findings also showed that more negative outcomes, for the previously mentioned variables, were shown in the option of starting custody. In these cases, the power of children was higher and the rejection to one of the parent was present. When the custody is toward the mother, the criteria commonly used are the consistency of the history background and the environmental stability of the children. However, in custodies toward the father, a higher amount of criteria is used such as the availability of social support, positive attachment of the children. In comparison, the custodies toward the father are based on the negative aspects of the mother, being this the reason why the custody is offered to the father. Finally, the key elements identified in the shared custody are the good bonding and positive attachment of children with both parents and the appropriate adjustment of both parents in all aspects and areas of functioning.