Elementos antropológicos y éticos en el derecho penal de la Biblia Hebrea

  1. Francisco Varo 1
  1. 1 Universidad de Navarra
    info

    Universidad de Navarra

    Pamplona, España

    ROR https://ror.org/02rxc7m23

Revista:
Revista de estudios histórico-jurídicos

ISSN: 0716-5455

Año de publicación: 2020

Número: 42

Páginas: 67-93

Tipo: Artículo

DOI: 10.4067/S0716-54552020000100067 DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR lock_openAcceso abierto editor

Otras publicaciones en: Revista de estudios histórico-jurídicos

Resumen

Resumen En un acercamiento técnico a los textos jurídicos de la Biblia Hebrea se constata la presencia en ellos de elementos relevantes en la teoría del delito, como son la precisión en la definición de conductas, la toma en consideración del dolo, de la imprudencia, la existencia de circunstancias atenuantes o agravantes, o la responsabilidad por las acciones. El análisis de las distintas penas tipificadas en la Biblia Hebrea, y la justificación de ellas que se hace en los textos, ayuda a esclarecer el sentido que tiene la sanción penal. En toda la legislación bíblica se puede apreciar una prioridad de los valores humanos por encima de los bienes económicos y una conciencia de la responsabilidad individual, que llaman la atención en el contexto histórico en el que fueron compuestos esos textos. En suma, los fundamentos filosóficos y culturales subyacentes a los grandes códigos legales de la Torah irrumpieron como una notable novedad en su momento, y luego han dejado su huella en la configuración jurídica del mundo occidental.

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