Desmayos y síncopes

  1. P. Irimia Sieira 1
  2. E. Martínez-Vila 1
  3. M. Imaz 1
  1. 1 Clínica Universitaria de Navarra
    info

    Clínica Universitaria de Navarra

    Pamplona, España

    ROR https://ror.org/03phm3r45

Revista:
Medicine: Programa de Formación Médica Continuada Acreditado

ISSN: 0304-5412

Año de publicación: 2015

Serie: 11

Número: 73

Páginas: 4357-4363

Tipo: Artículo

DOI: 10.1016/J.MED.2015.02.001 DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR

Otras publicaciones en: Medicine: Programa de Formación Médica Continuada Acreditado

Objetivos de desarrollo sostenible

Resumen

El síncope es un episodio transitorio de pérdida de conocimiento de inicio súbito, duración breve y con recuperación completa de forma espontánea, que se produce por una reducción breve del flujo sanguíneo cerebral. La causa más frecuente de síncope es el síncope vasovagal, que afecta a pacientes jóvenes y tiene buen pronóstico. El síncope cardiogénico aumenta con la edad y, dependiendo de la cardiopatía responsable, puede asociarse a un riesgo aumentado de muerte súbita. La hipotensión ortostática es también una de las causas de síncope, afecta sobre todo a pacientes ancianos y puede ser secundario al uso de determinados fármacos o enfermedades que producen un fallo autonómico como la diabetes. El diagnóstico del síncope está basado en la historia clínica y la exploración física, y se recomienda la realización de un electrocardiograma en todos los pacientes. En el diagnóstico diferencial del síncope debe considerarse la epilepsia, determinados trastornos vasculares y la posibilidad de un origen psicógeno. El tratamiento de los pacientes con síncope depende de la causa subyacente.

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Fuente de los datos: Dialnet