Tiroiditis

  1. J.C. Galofré 1
  2. J. Pineda 2
  3. M. Toni 2
  4. E. Anda 2
  1. 1 Clínica Universidad de Navarra. Pamplona. Navarra. España
  2. 2 Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA). Pamplona. Navarra. España
Revista:
Medicine: Programa de Formación Médica Continuada Acreditado

ISSN: 0304-5412

Ano de publicación: 2016

Título do exemplar: Enfermedades endocrinológicas y metabólicas (I) Patología del tiroides

Serie: 12

Número: 13

Páxinas: 742-753

Tipo: Artigo

DOI: 10.1016/J.MED.2016.06.004 DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR

Outras publicacións en: Medicine: Programa de Formación Médica Continuada Acreditado

Obxectivos de Desenvolvemento Sustentable

Resumo

Introduction The term thyroiditis encompasses some relatively common inflammatory disorders of the thyroid gland, which have been classified according to their aetiology and course length. Etiopathogeny, classification and clinical course Infectious agents cause acute suppurative thyroiditis, an unusual disorder that does not generate thyroid dysfunction. De Quervain's thyroiditis is the most common subacute thyroiditis. It is a self-limited process that is typically presented with a sharp pain in the anterior neck. The clinical course is bimodal: usually starts with a thyrotoxic period followed by a hypothyroid phase and eventually return to a euthyroid state. Others subacute thyroiditis are postpartum and silent thyroiditis. Both of them are painless temporary conditions of an autoimmune origin. Hashimoto's thyroiditis is the most representative of chronic thyroiditis. It has an autoimmune origin and normally progresses to a permanent hypothyroidism. Uncommon thyroiditis includes drug-related thyroiditis and the exceedingly rare Riedel's thyroiditis. Prognosis and treatment The treatment relies on the aetiology, but thyroiditis generally have a benign course.

Referencias bibliográficas

  • Garber JR, Cobin RH, Gharib H, Hennessey JV, Klein I, Mecha-nick JI, et al. American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists and American Thyroid Association Taskforce on Hypothyroidism in Adults. Clinical practice guidelines for hypothyroidism in adults: cosponsored by the American Association of Clinical Endocrinolo-gists and the American Thyroid Association. Thyroid. 2012;22:1200-35.
  • Pearce EN, Farwell AP, Braverman LE. Thyroiditis. N Engl J Med. 2003;348:2646-55.
  • Weetman AP. Diseases associated with thyroid autoimmunity: explana-tions for the expanding spectrum. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 2011;74:411-8.
  • Hutfless S, Matos P, Talor MV, Caturegli P, Rose NR. Significance of prediagnostic thyroid antibodies in women with autoimmune thyroid di-sease. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2011;96:E1466-71.
  • Biondi B, Cooper DS. The clinical significance of subclinical thyroid dys-function. Endocr Rev. 2008;29:76-131.
  • Kon YC, DeGroot LJ. Painful Hashimoto’s thyroiditis as an indication for thyroidectomy: clinical characteristics and outcome in seven patients. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2003;88:2667-72.
  • Rhee EP, Scott JA, Dighe AS. Case records of the Massachusetts General Hospital. Case 4-2012. A 37-year-old man with muscle pain, weakness, and weight loss. N Engl J Med. 2012;366:553-60.
  • Trummer H, Ramschak-Schwarzer S, Haas J, Habermann H, Pummer K, Leb G. Thyroid hormones and thyroid antibodies in infertile males. Fer-til Steril. 2001;76:254-7.
  • Negro R, Schwartz A, Gismondi R, Tinelli A, Mangieri T, Stagnaro-Green A. Thyroid antibody positivity in the first trimester of pregnancy is associated with negative pregnancy outcomes. J Clin Endocrinol Me-tab. 2011;96:E920-4.
  • Zettinig G, Asenbaum S, Fueger BJ, Hofmann A, Diemling M, Mittlboeck M, Dudczak R. Increased prevalence of sublinical brain perfusion abnor-malities in patients with autoimmune thyroiditis: evidence of Hashimoto’s encephalitis? Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 2003;59(5):637-43.
  • Anderson L, Middleton WD, Teefey SA, Reading CC, Langer JE, Desser T, et al. Hashimoto thyroiditis: Part 1, sonographic analysis of the nodu-lar form of Hashimoto thyroiditis. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2010;195:208-15.
  • Mazokopakis EE, Papadakis JA, Papadomanolaki MG, Batistakis AG, Giannakopoulos TG, Protopapadakis EE, et al. Effects of 12 months treatment with L-selenomethionine on serum anti-TPO Levels in Pa-tients with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis. Thyroid. 2007;17:609-12.
  • Karanikas G, Schuetz M, Kontur S, Duan H, Kommata S, Schoen R, et al. No immunological benefit of selenium in consecutive patients with autoimmune thyroiditis. Thyroid. 2008;18:7-12.
  • Toulis KA, Anastasilakis AD, Tzellos TG, Goulis DG, Kouvelas D. Selenium supplementation in the treatment of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis: a systematic review and a meta-analysis. Thyroid. 2010; 20:1163-73.
  • Lazarus J, Hennessey DJ. Acute and subacute, and Riedel’s thyroiditis. En: De Groot LJ, Beck-Peccoz P, Chrousos G, Dungan K, Grossman A, Her-shman JM, et al, editors. South Dartmouth (MA): MDText.com, Inc.; 2000-. Disponible en: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK285553/ PubMed PMID: 25905408. 2012.
  • Fatourechi V, Aniszewski JP, Fatourechi GZ, Atkinson EJ, Jacobsen SJ. Clinical features and outcome of subacute thyroiditis in an incidence co-hort: Olmsted County, Minnesota study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2003;88:2100-5.
  • Galofré JC. Manejo de los corticoides en la práctica clínica. Rev Med Univ Navarra. 2009;53:9-18.
  • Kubota S, Nishihara E, Kudo T, Ito M, Amino N, Miyauchi A. Initial treatment with 15 mg of prednisolone daily is sufficient for most patients with subacute thyroiditis in Japan. Thyroid. 2013;23:269-72.
  • Samuels MH. Subacute, silent, and postpartum thyroiditis. Med Clin North Am. 2012; 96:223-33.
  • Nicholson WK, Robinson KA, Smallridge RC, Ladenson PW, Powe NR. Prevalence of postpartum thyroid dysfunction: a quantitative review. Thyroid. 2006;16:573-82.
  • Stagnaro-Green A. Approach to the patient with postpartum thyroiditis. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2012;97:334-42.
  • Davies TF. The thyroid immunology of the postpartum period. Thyroid. 1999;9(7):675-84.
  • Stagnaro-Green A, Schwartz A, Gismondi R, Tinelli A, Mangieri T, Negro R. High rate of persistent hypothyroidism in a large-scale prospective study of postpartum thyroiditis in southern Italy. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2011;96:652-7.
  • Hennessey JV. Clinical review: Riedel’s thyroiditis: a clinical re-view. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2011;96:3031-41.
  • Bogazzi F, Bartalena L, Martino E. Approach to the patient with amiod-arone-induced thyrotoxicosis. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2010;95(6):2529-35.
  • Martino E, Bartalena L, Bogazzi F, Braverman LE. The effects of amio-darone on the thyroid. Endocr Rev. 2001;22:240-54.