Dostoyevski en la teología rusa del exilio y en la teología católica del Siglo XX

Resumo

Dostoevsky has established himself as one of the great writers of all time. His work has a particular value for theology because it addresses questions about God and about reality and his relationship with God from an existential point of view. Dostoevsky writes about human freedom, the existence of God, good and evil, revolution, and ideology, among other topics. This work examines the main reflections of Catholic theologians on the work of the Russian novelist. Although it deals with a certain number of theologians, it focuses on the fundamental figures: Romano Guardini, Henri De Lubac and Charles Moeller. To better understand these reflections, it also studies the contributions of the main Russian Christian thinkers exiled by the Russian Revolution, who presented Dostoevsky as a Christian thinker in the West. Nikolai Berdiaev and Pavel Evdokimov stand out in particular. This study does not directly address Dostoevsky's work, but rather what Catholic and Russian theologians and thinkers have written about his work. It is about putting in a mosaic the different methods, points of view and conclusions, to have an overview and find common ground and differences. The study concludes that one can speak of a certain line of theological thought generated by Dostoevsky's work. It is also clear that the conclusions of Catholic theologians depend on the contributions of Russian thinkers who emigrated to Europe. There are thinkers who have examined Dostoevsky's work as a whole, looking for some structure in it (Berdiaev and Guardini), while others have examined particular issues in that work (Evdokimov, De Lubac and Moeller). KEYWORDS: Dostoevsky, Catholic Theology, Russian Theology