Malala Yousafzai: Fighting for Girls’ Rights via Collaboration and Co-construction
Éditorial: Palgrave Macmillan
ISBN: 9783030464196, 9783030464202
Année de publication: 2020
Pages: 19-38
Type: Chapitre d'ouvrage
Résumé
Building on academic publications that have tried to assess Malala Yousafzai's life-writing project in its entirety, this chapter presents each of her life-writing texts as an example of collaborative testimonial narrative. Moving away from an objective, neutral tone, her life writing tends to rely on emotional language and various other discursive strategies aimed at sustaining interest over time. Since Malala Yousafzai started her self-narration when she was 11, technology and traditional media have gone hand in hand. Her appropriation of the hashtag launched under her name proved vital in her reconstruction of an activist self. Yet, the presence of a co-author, either hinted at or made explicit, can be traced throughout all her life-writing texts, from her first blog to her last book on displacement.
Références bibliographiques
- Ahmed, Beenish. 2014. What People in Pakistan Really Think About Nobel Prize Winner Malala Yousafzai. http://www.thinkprogress.org/world/2014/10/10/3578820/malala-yousafzai-nobel-prize/ . Accessed 13 February 2020.
- Alcoff, Linda Martín, and Laura Gray-Rosendale. 1996. Survivor Discourse: Transgression or Recuperation? In Getting a Life: Everyday Uses of Autobiography, ed. S. Smith and J. Watson, 198–225. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.
- Anon. 2009. Diary of a Pakistani Schoolgirl. BBC News, 19 January. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/7834402.stm . Accessed 13 February 2020.
- ———. 2016. Best Sellers. New York Times, 12 June. https://www.nytimes.com/books/best-sellers/2016/06/12/?_r=0 . Accessed 9 March 2017.
- ———. 2017a. Malala Yousafzai Named Youngest UN Messenger of Peace. DW, 10 April. http://www.dw.com/en/malala-yousafzai-named-youngest-un-messenger-of-peace/a-38375599 . Accessed 23 May 2017.
- ———. 2017b. Amazon Best Sellers: Audible Audiobooks—Personal Memoirs. Amazon, 11 July. https://www.amazon.com/gp/bestsellers/books/2402218011/ref=zg_b_bs_2402218011_1 . Accessed 11 July 2017.
- ———. 2017c. Amazon Best Sellers: Best Sellers in Women’s Biographies. Amazon, 11 July. https://www.amazon.com/Best-Sellers-Books-Womens-Biographies/zgbs/books/2445 . Accessed 11 July 2017.
- ———. 2017d. Amazon Best Sellers: Teen & Young Adult Social Activist Biographies. Amazon, 11 July. https://www.amazon.com/gp/bestsellers/books/10367684011/ref=zg_b_bs_10367684011_1 . Accessed 11 July 2017.
- Boltanski, Luc. 1999. Distant Suffering: Morality, Media, and Politics. Trans. Graham Burchell. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
- Bombach, Alexandria. 2018. On Her Shoulders. Los Angeles, CA: RYOT Films.
- boyd, danah. 2010. Social Network Sites as Networked Publics: Affordances, Dynamics, and Implications. In A Networked Self: Identity, Community, and Culture on Social Network Sites, ed. Zizi Papacharissi, 39–58. New York: Routledge.
- Brown, Gordon. 2012. Malala Yousafzai’s Courage Can Start New Movement for Global Education: Global Development. The Guardian, 25 October. https://www.theguardian.com/global-development/poverty-matters/2012/oct/25/malala-yousafzai-courage-global-education . Accessed 8 August 2017.
- Chabba, Seerat. 2016. Malala Yousafzai Becomes Millionaire with Memoir Sales, Global Appearances. International Business Times, 30 June. http://www.ibtimes.com/malala-yousafzai-becomes-millionaire-memoir-sales-global-appearances-2388405 . Accessed 9 March 2017.
- Douglas, Kate. 2017. Malala Yousafzai, Life Narrative and the Collaborative Archive. Life Writing, 14 (3): 297–311.
- Douglas, Kate, and Anna Poletti. 2016. Life Narratives and Youth Culture: Representation, Agency and Participation. London: Palgrave Macmillan.
- Ellick, Adam B. 2009. A Schoolgirl’s Odyssey. YouTube, New York Times, 13 October. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a6T5DeZ9Z4c . Accessed 30 August 2015.
- Ellick, Adam B., and Irfan Ashraf. 2009. Class Dismissed: The Death of Female Education. New York Times, Times Documentaries. http://www.nytimes.com/video/world/asia/100000001835296/class-dismissed.html . Accessed 30 August 2015.
- Filipović, Zlata. 1995. Zlata’s Diary: A Child’s Life in Sarajevo. Trans. Christina Pribichevich-Zoric. London: Penguin.
- Gidda, Mirren. 2017. Malala Yousafzai’s New Mission: Can She Still Inspire as an Adult? Newsweek, 11 January. http://europe.newsweek.com/exclusive-malala-yousafzai-interview-davos-540978 . Accessed 7 March 2017.
- Gilmore, Leigh. 2017. Testimony. a/b: Auto/Biography Studies 32 (2): 307–309.
- Guggenheim, Davis. 2015. He Named Me Malala. Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates: Image Nation Abu Dhabi.
- Keen, Suzanne. 2016. Life Writing and the Empathetic Circle. Concentric: Literary and Cultural Studies 42 (2): 9–26.
- Krznaric, Roman. 2014. Empathy: A Handbook for Revolution. London: Rider.
- Malala Fund. 2014. Malala Yousafzai Nobel Peace Prize Speech. YouTube, 11 December. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MOqIotJrFVM . Accessed 13 February 2020.
- ———. 2017a. What We Do. https://www.malala.org . Accessed 7 March 2017.
- ———. 2017b. Malala Yousafzai’s Statement on President Trump’s Latest Executive Order on Refugees. Facebook, 27 January. https://www.facebook.com/MalalaFund/posts/1641249709222208 . Accessed 8 March 2017.
- ——— (@MalalaFund). 2017c. Read Malala Yousafzai’s Statement on President Trump’s Executive Order on Refugees. Twitter, 27 January. https://twitter.com/malalafund/status/825101904116080647 . Accessed 8 March 2017.
- ———. 2017d. Malala’s Girl Power Trip. https://www.malala.org/trip . Accessed 8 August 2017.
- ———. 2019. YouTube Channel. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCk4FE7YqfCvSkhYal-yAx3Q . Accessed 12 March 2020.
- ———. 2020a. Gulmakai Network. https://malala.org/gulmakai-network . Accessed 13 February 2020.
- ———. 2020b. Assembly. https://assembly.malala.org/issue-archive . Accessed 13 February 2020.
- ——— (@MalalaFund). 2020c. Twitter. https://twitter.com/MalalaFund . Accessed 12 March 2020.
- ——— (@MalalaFund). 2020d. Facebook. https://es-la.facebook.com/MalalaFund/ . Accessed 12 March 2020.
- ——— (@MalalaFund). 2020e. Instagram. https://www.instagram.com/malalafund/?hl=es . Accessed 12 March 2020.
- Martínez García, Ana Belén. 2016. Narrative Emotions and Human Rights Life Writing. In On the Move: Glancing Backwards to Build a Future in English Studies, ed. Aitor Ibarrola-Armendariz and Jon Ortiz de Urbina Arruabarrena, 127–132. Bilbao: University of Deusto.
- ———. 2019a. Construction and Collaboration in Life-Writing Projects: Malala Yousafzai’s Activist ‘I’. Journal of Writing in Creative Practice 12 (1–2): 201–217.
- ———. 2019b. Denouncing Human Trafficking in China: North Korean Women’s Memoirs as Evidence. State Crime Journal 8 (1): 59–79.
- ———. 2019c. Empathy for Social Justice: The Case of Malala Yousafzai. Journal of English Studies 17: 253–275.
- ———. 2020. Women Activists’ Strategies of Online Self-Presentation. AI & Society: Journal of Knowledge, Culture and Communication. Special Issue on Iteration as Persuasion in a Digital World.
- Media Centre. 2017. BBC Radio 3 Announces 2017 International Women’s Day Programming. BBC, 27 January. http://www.bbc.co.uk/mediacentre/latestnews/2017/bbc-radio-3-international-womens-day-programming . Accessed 10 March 2017.
- Melancon, Nicole. 2012. I Am Malala: A Crusader for Girls’ Education Worldwide. Huffington Post, 9 November. http://www.huffingtonpost.com/nicole-melancon/malala-yousafzai-girls-education_b_2080502.html . Accessed 9 March 2017.
- Mukhopadhyay, Samitha. 2019. Malala Yousafzai on Education, Islamophobia, and the New Wave of Youth Activism. Teen Vogue, 16 December. https://www.teenvogue.com/story/malala-yousafzai-education-islamophobia-teen-girls . Accessed 13 February 2020.
- Radio 3. 2017. International Women’s Day: Speak Out. Recital, BBC, 8 March. http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b08hcfkm . Accessed 10 March 2017.
- Rao, Mallika. 2015. Why Do Some Pakistanis Hate Malala So Much? Huffington Post, 9 October. http://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/why-do-pakistanis-hate-Malala_56174cede4b0e66ad4c74739 . Accessed 13 February 2020.
- Simonsen, Karen-Margrethe, and Jonas Ross Kjaergård (eds.). 2017. Discursive Framings of Human Rights: Agency and Victimhood. Abingdon: Birkbeck Law Press.
- Slaughter, Joseph R. 2009. Humanitarian Reading. In Humanitarianism and Suffering: The Mobilization of Empathy, ed. Richard Ashby Wilson and Richard D. Brown, 88–107. New York: Cambridge University Press.
- Smith, Sidonie. 2006. Narratives and Rights: Zlata’s Diary and the Circulation of Stories of Suffering Ethnicity. WSQ: Women’s Studies Quarterly 34 (1–2): 133–152.
- Smith, Sidonie, and Julia Watson. 2010. Reading Autobiography: A Guide for Interpreting Life Narratives. 2nd ed. Minneapolis: Minnesota University Press.
- ———. 2012. Witness or False Witness?: Metrics of Authenticity, Collective I-Formations, and the Ethic of Verification in First-Person Testimony. Biography 35 (4): 590–626.
- ———. 2017. Life Writing in the Long Run: A Smith & Watson Autobiography Studies Reader. Ann Arbor, MI: Maize.
- Sutton, Karolina. 2017. Malala Yousafzai—I Am Malala. Curtis Brown. https://www.curtisbrown.co.uk/client/malala-yousafzai/work/i-am-malala . Accessed 9 March 2017.
- United Nations. 2013. Malala Yousafzai Addresses United Nations Youth Assembly. YouTube, 13 July. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3rNhZu3ttIU . Accessed 12 March 2020.
- ———. 2015. Malala Yousafzai—Call to Action. YouTube, 25 September. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qEswHDTMdck . Accessed 14 February 2020.
- ———. 2017. Malala Yousafzai (UN Messenger of Peace) Conversation About Girls’ Education. YouTube, 10 April. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b5FzjqAIT60 . Accessed 14 February 2020.
- Whitley, Kate. 2017. Speak Out: An Inspirational New Work Based on Words by Malala. BBC Radio 3, 9 March. http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/p04w9363 . Accessed 10 March 2017.
- Whitlock, Gillian. 2007. Soft Weapons: Autobiography in Transit. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
- ———. 2015. Postcolonial Life Narratives: Testimonial Transactions. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
- Yousafzai, Malala. 2019. We Are Displaced: My Journey and Stories from Refugee Girls Around the World. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson.
- ——— (@Malala). 2020a. Twitter. https://twitter.com/malala . Accessed 12 March 2020.
- ——— (@malala). 2020b. Instagram. https://www.instagram.com/malala/?hl=es . Accessed 12 March 2020.
- Yousafzai, Malala, and Christina Lamb. 2013. I Am Malala: The Girl Who Stood Up for Education and Was Shot by the Taliban. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson.
- Yousafzai, Malala, and Patricia McCormick. 2014. I Am Malala: How One Girl Stood Up for Education and Changed the World. London: Little, Brown.