Análisis del proceso de fractura en materiales estructurales mediante el uso del criterio de la densidad de energía de defromación v el concepto de material equivalente

Resumo

When performing the fracture analysis of notched com ponents, considering them as cracked components generally results in conservative values. For this reason and for structural integrity assessments to be adjusted as much as possible to reality, it is necessary to implement methodologies that take into account the actual behavior of the notches. The Strain Energy Density Criterion (SED) is a methodology that with a reduced cost allows estimating (with a high degree of precision) the load bearing capacity of materials with elastic linear behavior (only the resistant parameter values obtained from a tensile test and the defect geometry are needed). The Equivalent Material Concept (EMC) is a methodology that allows converting a material with non-linear behavior into another equivalent material with elastic-linear behavior. A methodology is proposed to analyze all types of materiaIs using the SED criterion or the EMC SED criterion combination. Five materiaIs with different nature (polymers, metaIs and composite materials) and with different mechanical behaviors are analyze d: PMMA, Al7075-T651 aluminum alloy, S275JR structural steel, Polyamide 6 and Polyamide 6 reinfarced with different contents of short glass fiber. The good applicability of the SED criterion far estimating the load bearing capacity far materiaIs with linear behavior is reaffirmed. The use of the methodology that combines the EMC-SED far estimating the load bearing capacity far materials with non-linear behavior in tensile test and with elastic -linear behavior in fracture test is validated.