Interacción entre la adiposidad, la dieta, el estilo de vida y el estado inflamatorio

Resumen

The objective of this doctoral dissertation was to study potential interrelationship of inflammatory markers with adiposity indicators and clinical/ metabolic features as well as to investigate the effect of dietary factors and lifestyle features on plasma and gene expression of pro-inflammatory markers. To achieve these goals, a cross-sectional study (158 healthy young adults: 55 M/ 103 F; 22 ± 3 years; body mass index ¿ BMI ¿ of 22.1 ± 2.6 kg/m²) and a nutritional intervention study (41 overweight/obese subjects: 17 M/ 24 F; 37 ± 7 years; BMI of 32.2 ± 3.9 kg/m²) were conducted. The findings of this study contribute to accept, in a great part, the hypothesis that there is a complex and relevant relationship between the adiposity (body fat distribution), clinical and metabolic features (blood pressure and lipid profile), diet (selenium and fiber intake, fruits and vegetable consumption, and total dietary antioxidant capacity), lifestyle features (smoking habit and physical activity), and inflammatory status, expressed by plasma concentrations and by gene expression from PBMC in a healthy young people. In addition, a higher adhesion to the Mediterranean dietary pattern as well as a higher consumption of legumes (4 servings/ week of lentils, chickpeas, peas or beans), within a nutritional intervention designed to weight loss and metabolic features improvement, is able to specifically modify the inflammatory status in overweight or obese subjects.